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Pyrrolidinone Derivative CAS 68497-62-1 Pramiracetam Neuroprotection
Brief Introduction
Brief Introduction
Pramiracetam (development codes: CI-879, CNS-1879) is a second-generation nootropic derived from piracetam, developed by Warner-Lambert Company . As an improved member of the racetam family, Pramiracetam features a diisopropylaminoethyl side chain that significantly enhances its lipophilicity, resulting in greater potency than Piracetam . Pramiracetam is primarily used in research on cognitive dysfunction associated with traumatic brain injury, cerebrovascular disorders, and aging .
Key Scientific Value & Findings
Enhanced Cognitive Improvement: Pramiracetam significantly ameliorates cognitive deficits associated with traumatic brain injury . In animal models, Pramiracetam plays an important role in spatial learning and memory and is considered a memory-enhancing agent stronger than piracetam .
Unique Enzyme Inhibition Mechanism: Pramiracetam is a specific inhibitor of prolyl endopeptidase . Prolyl endopeptidase is involved in neuropeptide metabolism, and its inhibition may be related to the cognitive-enhancing effects of Pramiracetam, offering a unique perspective for understanding its mechanism of action.
Receptor Binding Profile: In vitro studies demonstrate that Pramiracetam exhibits no affinity for dopaminergic, GABAergic, serotonergic, adrenergic, muscarinic, adenosine (IC50 >10 μM), or benzodiazepine (IC50 >1 μM) receptor binding sites . This suggests its cognitive-enhancing effects are not achieved through direct activation of classical neurotransmitter receptors.
Proposed Mechanism of Action: Review studies indicate that the action of racetams (including Pramiracetam) may be due to potentiation of already present neurotransmission, with evidence pointing to modulation of ion flux—such as potentiated calcium influx through non-L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels, potentiated sodium influx through AMPA receptor-gated channels or voltage-dependent channels, or decreased potassium efflux . Pramiracetam is also thought to improve cognitive function by enhancing GluA4 subunit-mediated neurotransmission .
Cholinergic System Modulation: Research shows that Pramiracetam reverses amnesia induced by scopolamine, electroconvulsive shock, and hypoxia . It also increases the turnover of various neurotransmitters and exhibits other biochemical effects, including the aforementioned inhibition of prolyl endopeptidase
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Our Supply & Service Advantages
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